Optimizing the Utilization of Renewable Energy in the Indonesian Army's Military Infrastructure: A Systematic Literature Review and Case Study Analysis of Hybrid Energy Systems in Remote Areas
Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Energi Terbarukan dalam Infrastruktur Militer TNI AD: Telaah Literatur Sistematis dan Analisis Studi Kasus Hybrid Energy System di Wilayah Terpencil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/r.e.m.v11i1.1794Keywords:
renewable energy, hybrid system, TNI AD, energy independence, literature reviewAbstract
Kemandirian energi bagi pos-pos militer di daerah terpencil merupakan isu strategis yang berimplikasi langsung terhadap ketahanan pertahanan negara. Saat ini, sebagian besar pos militer TNI AD masih mengandalkan generator diesel, yang memiliki konsumsi bahan bakar tinggi, biaya logistik mahal, dan dampak lingkungan yang signifikan. Sejalan dengan agenda transisi energi nasional menuju Net Zero Emission 2060, integrasi energi terbarukan di sektor pertahanan menghadirkan peluang sekaligus tantangan. Artikel ini menyajikan analisis dan tinjauan literatur terkini tentang penerapan sistem energi terbarukan hibrida di daerah terpencil, baik di Indonesia maupun di luar negeri, serta mengkaji implikasinya bagi pos-pos militer TNI AD. Metodologi penelitian ini mencakup tinjauan sistematis terhadap publikasi internasional (Scopus, ScienceDirect), jurnal nasional terakreditasi (Sinta), laporan pemerintah, dan dokumen kebijakan dari tahun 2015–2024. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem hibrida PLTS, baterai, dan diesel merupakan konfigurasi yang paling relevan, dengan potensi penghematan bahan bakar sebesar 70-85%, pengurangan biaya operasional logistik, dan pengurangan emisi karbon yang signifikan. Studi di Filipina, Afrika, dan kepulauan Indonesia menunjukkan keberhasilan implementasi sistem hibrida di wilayah terpencil, yang dapat diadaptasi untuk pos-pos militer TNI AD. Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi akademis dengan mengintegrasikan literatur energi terbarukan dengan perspektif pertahanan dan menawarkan rekomendasi praktis untuk implementasi proyek percontohan sistem hibrida di pos-pos militer perbatasan.
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