FDM 3D Printing Process Optimization for PLA-Based Bearing Components Using the Taguchi Method
Optimasi Proses Cetak 3D FDM untuk Komponen Bearing Berbasis PLA Menggunakan Metode Taguchi
Keywords:
3D Printing, FDM, PLA, Metode Taguchi, ANOVA, Komponen BearingAbstract
Kualitas hasil cetak 3D memegang peranan krusial dalam menjamin keandalan dan performa komponen mekanik seperti bearing. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh tiga parameter utama Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) infill density, layer height, dan suhu nozzle terhadap dua indikator mutu cetak pada komponen bearing berbahan PLA, yaitu waktu cetak dan berat cetakan. Metode Taguchi dengan orthogonal array L9 (3³) diterapkan untuk merancang sembilan kombinasi eksperimen. Setiap kombinasi diuji menggunakan printer Flashforge Guider II Series dengan filamen PLA, lalu dianalisis menggunakan rasio signal – to – noise (S/N) (kriteria “smaller is better”) dan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa layer height paling dominan memengaruhi waktu cetak (kontribusi 81 %), diikuti infill density (17 %), sedangkan suhu nozzle tidak signifikan. Untuk berat cetakan, tidak terdapat parameter yang berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik (p-value > 0,05), meski infill density memiliki kontribusi terbesar (28 %). Berdasarkan temuan ini, kombinasi optimal untuk meminimalkan waktu cetak pada komponen bearing adalah infill density 60 %, layer height 0,20 mm, dan suhu nozzle 200 °C. Penelitian selanjutnya direkomendasikan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor tambahan (misalnya print speed, suhu platform) serta melakukan uji kekuatan mekanik pada komponen bearing untuk memastikan kestabilan sifat mekanis.
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